Transfer printed laser induced graphene strain gauges for embedded sensing in fiberglass composites

The continuous monitoring of strain in fiber-reinforced composites while service typically requires bonding a network sensors to the surface composite structure. To eliminate such needs, and reduce bulk limit additional weight, this work utilizes transfer printing laser induced graphene (LIG) gauges onto commercial fiberglass prepreg for situ self-sensing strain. resultant embedded sensor is entirely integrated within final material, therefore reducing weight eliminating limitations due external compared current alternatives. Additionally, simple process used here allows customization size sensing requirements various applications. LIG shown be capable tracking monotonic cyclic as during tensile loading unloading host composite, also proving dynamic motion which characterized via frequency response sinusoidal base excitation. gauge can thus either quasi-static or variations determination deformation experienced by well content material structural health purposes.